论文标题

Fiedler矢量通过相互作用随机步行近似

Fiedler Vector Approximation via Interacting Random Walks

论文作者

Doshi, Vishwaraj, Eun, Do Young

论文摘要

图形的fiedler载体,即对应于图laplacian矩阵的第二小特征值对应的特征向量,在光谱图理论中起着重要作用,在诸如图形双方分区和降低范围内的问题中应用。旨在估计该数量的算法通常依赖于整个图的先验知识,并采用诸如图形稀疏和功率迭代之类的技术,这些技术在图形未知或动态变化的情况下具有明显的缺点。在本文中,我们开发了一个框架,在该框架中,我们基于在图表上的一组随机步行构建随机过程,并表明我们随机过程的适当缩放版本会收敛到Fiedler Vector,以进行大量步行。像其他基于探索性随机步行和直通计算的技术一样,例如马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛(MCMC),我们的算法克服了通常由基于电力迭代的方法面临的挑战。但是,与任何现有的基于随机步行的方法(例如MCMC)焦点是领先的特征向量的MCMC,我们与随机步行的框架会收敛到Fiedler Vector(第二特征向量)。我们还提供了数值结果,以确认我们在不同图表上的理论发现,并表明我们的算法在广泛的参数和随机步行的数量中表现良好。随着时间的流逝,还提供了变化的动态图,以显示我们基于步行的技术在这种情况下的功效。作为重要的贡献,我们扩展了结果,并表明我们的框架不仅适用于近似图形拉普拉斯主义者的Fiedler向量,而且还适用于任何时间可逆的Markov Chain内核的第二特征媒介。

The Fiedler vector of a graph, namely the eigenvector corresponding to the second smallest eigenvalue of a graph Laplacian matrix, plays an important role in spectral graph theory with applications in problems such as graph bi-partitioning and envelope reduction. Algorithms designed to estimate this quantity usually rely on a priori knowledge of the entire graph, and employ techniques such as graph sparsification and power iterations, which have obvious shortcomings in cases where the graph is unknown, or changing dynamically. In this paper, we develop a framework in which we construct a stochastic process based on a set of interacting random walks on a graph and show that a suitably scaled version of our stochastic process converges to the Fiedler vector for a sufficiently large number of walks. Like other techniques based on exploratory random walks and on-the-fly computations, such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), our algorithm overcomes challenges typically faced by power iteration based approaches. But, unlike any existing random walk based method such as MCMCs where the focus is on the leading eigenvector, our framework with interacting random walks converges to the Fiedler vector (second eigenvector). We also provide numerical results to confirm our theoretical findings on different graphs, and show that our algorithm performs well over a wide range of parameters and the number of random walks. Simulations results over time varying dynamic graphs are also provided to show the efficacy of our random walk based technique in such settings. As an important contribution, we extend our results and show that our framework is applicable for approximating not just the Fiedler vector of graph Laplacians, but also the second eigenvector of any time reversible Markov Chain kernel via interacting random walks.

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