论文标题
嫩肉 - 解决区块链动态重复共识的解决方案
Tenderbake -- A Solution to Dynamic Repeated Consensus for Blockchains
论文作者
论文摘要
第一代区块链提供了概率的终结性:可以撤销一个区块,尽管概率随着块的深入链条而降低。最近的提案重新审视了基于委员会的BFT共识,以提供确定性的终结性:一旦确认了一个障碍,就永远不会被撤销。这些第二代区块链对经典BFT协议的显着特征是,随着参与和区块链状态的发展,委员会会随着时间的流逝而变化。在本文中,我们通过提出动态重复共识问题的形式化,并提供通用程序以在区块链的背景下解决该问题,从而向前迈进。我们的方法是模块化的,因为人们可以插入不同的同步器和单次共识实例。为了提供完整的解决方案,我们提供了一个混凝土实例化,称为嫩肉,并提供区块链同步器和单次共识算法,该算法在拜占庭式和部分同步的系统模型中工作,最终具有同步时钟。与最近的建议相反,我们的方法是由绑定消息缓冲区的需求驱动的。这对于防止垃圾邮件和运行时内存错误至关重要。此外,招标过程可以彼此同步而无需交换消息,而是利用存储在区块链中的信息。
First-generation blockchains provide probabilistic finality: a block can be revoked, albeit the probability decreases as the block sinks deeper into the chain. Recent proposals revisited committee-based BFT consensus to provide deterministic finality: as soon as a block is validated, it is never revoked. A distinguishing characteristic of these second-generation blockchains over classical BFT protocols is that committees change over time as the participation and the blockchain state evolve. In this paper, we push forward in this direction by proposing a formalization of the Dynamic Repeated Consensus problem and by providing generic procedures to solve it in the context of blockchains. Our approach is modular in that one can plug in different synchronizers and single-shot consensus instances. To offer a complete solution, we provide a concrete instantiation, called Tenderbake, and present a blockchain synchronizer and a single-shot consensus algorithm, working in a Byzantine and partially synchronous system model with eventually synchronous clocks. In contrast to recent proposals, our methodology is driven by the need to bound the message buffers. This is essential in preventing spamming and run-time memory errors. Moreover, Tenderbake processes can synchronize with each other without exchanging messages, leveraging instead the information stored in the blockchain.