论文标题
质子和核形状波动的审查高能
Review of proton and nuclear shape fluctuations at high energy
论文作者
论文摘要
根据其基本成分来确定质子和核的内部结构一直是高能核和粒子物理实验的主要任务之一。该任务始于（平均）Parton密度作为纵向动量分数和分辨率量表的函数的映射。最近，该领域已发展为更差异成像，其中一个重要的发展是对碰撞强子波函数中事件的量子波动的描述。 在这篇综述中，提出了关于质子和核横向几何形状提取的最新发展，并提出了高能在对撞机实验中的事件波动。还说明了这种根本有趣的物理学在其他对撞机实验中的重要性，例如在Quark Gluon血浆的性质研究中。
Determining the inner structure of protons and nuclei in terms of their fundamental constituents has been one of the main tasks of high energy nuclear and particle physics experiments. This quest started as a mapping of the (average) parton densities as a function of longitudinal momentum fraction and resolution scale. Recently, the field has progressed to more differential imaging, where one important development is the description of the event-by-event quantum fluctuations in the wave function of the colliding hadron. In this Review, recent developments on the extraction of proton and nuclear transverse geometry with event-by-event fluctuations from collider experiments at high energy is presented. The importance of this fundamentally interesting physics in other collider experiments like in studies of the properties of the Quark Gluon Plasma is also illustrated.
