论文标题

利用区块链在多个站点上进行不可变的记录和查询

Leveraging Blockchain for Immutable Logging and Querying Across Multiple Sites

论文作者

Ozdayi, Mustafa Safa, Kantarcioglu, Murat, Malin, Bradley

论文摘要

区块链已成为一个分散和分布式框架,可实现篡改弹性,从而实现存储数据的实际不变性。在需要可审核性的情况下,例如在维护敏感医疗保健和生物医学数据的访问日志方面,这种不变性很重要。但是,默认情况下,区块链的基本数据结构不提供有效地查询存储数据的功能。在此研究中,我们表明,可以使用其他键值商店有效地通过存储在区块链上的访问日志数据上有效地运行复杂的审核查询。本文专门报告了我们为IDASH隐私与安全研讨会2018竞赛的区块链轨道设计的方法。尤其是我们实施了解决方案,并使用IDASH 2018组织者提供的数据,将其负载和查询响应性能与常用的关系数据库SQLITE进行了比较。根据查询类型和数据大小,基于区块链的查询响应和基于SQLITE的查询响应之间的运行时间差在0.2秒至6秒之间。更深入的检查表明,范围查询是我们解决方案的瓶颈,尽管如此,该解决方案还是线性扩展的。具体而言,这项调查表明,基于区块链的系统可以为复杂查询提供合理的查询响应时间,即使它们仅使用简单的键值商店来管理其数据。因此,我们表明区块链可能有助于维护具有可审核性和不可变性要求的数据。

Blockchain has emerged as a decentralized and distributed framework that enables tamper-resilience and, thus, practical immutability for stored data. This immutability property is important in scenarios where auditability is desired, such as in maintaining access logs for sensitive healthcare and biomedical data.However, the underlying data structure of blockchain, by default, does not provide capabilities to efficiently query the stored data. In this investigation, we show that it is possible to efficiently run complex audit queries over the access log data stored on blockchains by using additional key-value stores. This paper specifically reports on the approach we designed for the blockchain track of iDASH Privacy & Security Workshop 2018 competition.Particularly, we implemented our solution and compared its loading and query-response performance with SQLite, a commonly used relational database, using the data provided by the iDASH 2018 organizers. Depending on the query type and the data size, the run time difference between blockchain based query-response and SQLite based query-response ranged from 0.2 seconds to 6 seconds. A deeper inspection revealed that range queries were the bottleneck of our solution which, nevertheless, scales up linearly. Concretely, this investigation demonstrates that blockchain-based systems can provide reasonable query-response times to complex queries even if they only use simple key-value stores to manage their data. Consequently, we show that blockchains may be useful for maintaining data with auditability and immutability requirements across multiple sites.

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