IIN型超新星的早期超紫罗兰观测限制了其间隔材料的非球面

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IIN型超新星的早期超紫罗兰观测限制了其间隔材料的非球面

Early Ultra-Violet observations of type IIn supernovae constrain the asphericity of their circumstellar material

论文作者

Soumagnac, Maayane T., Ofek, Eran O., Liang, Jingyi, Gal-yam, Avishay, Nugent, Peter, Yang, Yi, Cenko, S. Bradley, Sollerman, Jesper, Perley, Daniel A., Andreoni, Igor, Barbarino, Cristina, Burdge, Kevin B., Bruch, Rachel J., De, Kishalay, Dugas, Alison, Fremling, Christoffer, Graham, Melissa L., Hankins, Matthew J., Strotjohann, Nora Linn, Moran, Shane, Neill, James D., Schulze, Steve, Shupe, David L., Sipocz, Brigitta M., Taggart, Kirsty, Tartaglia, Leonardo, Walters, Richard, Yan, Lin, Yao, Yuhan, Yaron, Ofer, Bellm, Eric C., Cannella, Chris, Dekany, Richard, Duev, Dmitry A., Feeney, Michael, Frederick, Sara, Graham, Matthew J., Laher, Russ R., Masci, Frank J., Kasliwal, Mansi M., Kowalski, Marek, Miller, Adam A., Rigault, Mickael, Rusholme, Ben

论文摘要

我们提出了对超紫罗兰（UV）和可见光的12种IIN型超新星（SNE IIN）的早期演变的调查。我们使用此调查来限制SN IIN爆炸周围的偶色材料（CSM）的几何形状，这可能会揭示其祖细胞的多样性。为了区分非球形和球形偶色材料（CSM），我们根据Soumagnac等人介绍的方法来估计样品的SNE IIN的黑体半径的时间演变。我们发现，较高的光度对象倾向于显示非球面CSM的证据。取决于这种相关性是由于物理原因还是由于某种选择偏见，我们在SNE IIN的比例中的下限在35％至66％之间，显示了SCSM的证据。该结果表明，SNE IIN周围的CSM的非球体很常见 - 与来自经历质量损失相当大的恒星的分辨图像的数据一致。应该考虑到这些事件的更现实的建模。

We present a survey of the early evolution of 12 Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn) in the Ultra-Violet (UV) and visible light. We use this survey to constrain the geometry of the circumstellar material (CSM) surrounding SN IIn explosions, which may shed light on their progenitor diversity. In order to distinguish between aspherical and spherical circumstellar material (CSM), we estimate the blackbody radius temporal evolution of the SNe IIn of our sample, following the method introduced by Soumagnac et al. We find that higher luminosity objects tend to show evidence for aspherical CSM. Depending on whether this correlation is due to physical reasons or to some selection bias, we derive a lower limit between 35% and 66% on the fraction of SNe IIn showing evidence for aspherical CSM. This result suggests that asphericity of the CSM surrounding SNe IIn is common - consistent with data from resolved images of stars undergoing considerable mass loss. It should be taken into account for more realistic modelling of these events.

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