论文标题
有指导网络的指导如何？
How directed is a directed network?
论文作者
论文摘要
定向网络中节点的营养水平可以揭示其功能特性。此外，根据营养水平定义的网络的营养相干性与循环结构，稳定性和渗透等性质有关。但是，从生态学借来的营养水平的标准定义遭受了诸如要求源节点之类的缺点，从而限制了其适用性。在这里，我们提出了一个可以在任何有向网络上计算的营养级别的简单新定义。我们演示了该方法如何在包括生态系统，供应链网络，基因表达和全球语言网络在内的示例中识别节点函数。我们还探讨了营养水平和连贯性与其他拓扑特性（例如非正态性和循环结构）的关系，并表明我们的方法揭示了有向网络中的边缘在全球方向上对齐的边缘。
The trophic levels of nodes in directed networks can reveal their functional properties. Moreover, the trophic coherence of a network, defined in terms of trophic levels, is related to properties such as cycle structure, stability and percolation. The standard definition of trophic levels, however, borrowed from ecology, suffers from drawbacks such as requiring source nodes, which limit its applicability. Here we propose a simple new definition of trophic level that can be computed on any directed network. We demonstrate how the method can identify node function in examples including ecosystems, supply chain networks, gene expression, and global language networks. We also explore how trophic levels and coherence relate to other topological properties, such as non-normality and cycle structure, and show that our method reveals the extent to which the edges in a directed network are aligned in a global direction.
