论文标题
关于公开和封闭世界中数据库不完整数据库的等效性和核心
On Equivalence and Cores for Incomplete Databases in Open and Closed Worlds
论文作者
论文摘要
数据交换在很大程度上取决于数据库实例不完整的概念。已经提出了一些有关此类实例的语义,包括开放式(OWA),封闭(CWA)和开放式(OCWA)世界。对于所有这些语义,重要的问题是:一个不完整的实例是否在语义上暗示另一个;当两个在语义上等效时;以及较小或最小的语义等效实例是否存在。对于OWA和CWA,这些问题得到了充分回答。但是,对于OCWA的几种变体,它们保持开放。在这项工作中,我们将这些问题与Libkin和Sirangelo的OCWA语义和2011年的OCWA语义有关。我们定义了一种新的OCWA语义,称为OCWA**,同构涵盖了既包含语义,又涵盖了语义的含义,并在此类封面上表征了语义含义和等效性。这种表征产生了一种猜测和检查算法来决定等效性,并表明问题是NP完整的。对于最小化的问题,我们表明,对于几种最小的常见概念,通常没有独特的最小值封闭的powerset语义实例,因此也不是更有表现力的OCWA*。但是,对于封闭的PowerSet语义,我们表明,对于任何不完整的数据库,可以找到其独特的有限子集合,这是所有在语义上与原始不完整的情况相同的实例的子介绍(直至nulls的nulls)。我们研究该集合的属性,并将分析扩展到OCWA*。
Data exchange heavily relies on the notion of incomplete database instances. Several semantics for such instances have been proposed and include open (OWA), closed (CWA), and open-closed (OCWA) world. For all these semantics important questions are: whether one incomplete instance semantically implies another; when two are semantically equivalent; and whether a smaller or smallest semantically equivalent instance exists. For OWA and CWA these questions are fully answered. For several variants of OCWA, however, they remain open. In this work we adress these questions for Closed Powerset semantics and the OCWA semantics of Libkin and Sirangelo, 2011. We define a new OCWA semantics, called OCWA*, in terms of homomorphic covers that subsumes both semantics, and characterize semantic implication and equivalence in terms of such covers. This characterization yields a guess-and-check algorithm to decide equivalence, and shows that the problem is NP-complete. For the minimization problem we show that for several common notions of minimality there is in general no unique minimal equivalent instance for Closed Powerset semantics, and consequently not for the more expressive OCWA* either. However, for Closed Powerset semantics we show that one can find, for any incomplete database, a unique finite set of its subinstances which are subinstances (up to renaming of nulls) of all instances semantically equivalent to the original incomplete one. We study properties of this set, and extend the analysis to OCWA*.