论文标题

四分之一平衡理论:全球最低限度与三角形不平衡

Quartic Balance Theory: Global Minimum With Imbalanced Triangles

论文作者

Kargaran, A., Ebrahimi, M., Riazi, M., Hosseiny, A., Jafari, G. R.

论文摘要

Heider首次在签署的网络中对三胞胎互动建模的平衡理论指出,两个人之间的关系,友谊或仇恨是取决于第三人称的。该模型的哈密顿量具有隐含的假设,即所有三合会都是独立的,这意味着每个三合会的状态(平衡或不平衡)对他人无效。这种独立性迫使网络具有完全平衡的最终状态。但是,有证据表明,真正的网络部分平衡,提出了阻止系统完全平衡的机制是什么问题。我们的建议是考虑一种四分之一的互动,该互动消除了三合会的独立性。我们使用平均场方法来研究温度是允许代理的随机行为的参数的这种系统的热行为。我们表明,在一定温度下,平衡和不平衡三合会之间的对称性会自发破裂,并且我们有离散的相变。结果稳定性发生在类似平衡或不平衡三合会占主导地位的情况下,因此系统获得了两个新的不平衡稳定状态。在此模型中,临界温度取决于节点数量的第二功率,这是热平衡理论的线性依赖性。我们的模拟与平均场方法获得的结果非常吻合。

Balance theory proposed by Heider for the first time modeled triplet interaction in a signed network, stating that relationships between two people, friendship or enmity, is dependent on a third person. The Hamiltonian of this model has an implicit assumption that all triads are independent, meaning that state of each triad, being balanced or imbalanced, is ineffective to others. This independence forces the network to have completely balanced final states. However, there exists evidence indicating that real networks are partially balanced raising the question of what is the mechanism preventing the system to be perfectly balanced. Our suggestion is to consider a quartic interaction which dissolves the triad's independence. We use mean field method to study thermal behavior of such systems where the temperature is a parameter that allows the stochastic behavior of agents. We show that under a certain temperature, the symmetry between balanced and imbalanced triads will spontaneously break and we have a discrete phase transition. As consequence stability arises where either similar balanced or imbalanced triads dominate, hence the system obtains two new imbalanced stable states. In this model, the critical temperature depends on the second power of the number of nodes, which was a linear dependence in thermal balance theory. Our simulations are in good agreement with the results obtained by the mean field method.

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