论文标题
晶格仪理论的可靠性
Reliability of lattice gauge theories
论文作者
论文摘要
当前，正在进行巨大的实验努力，以实现量子模拟器中的晶格规定。但是，除了特定的模型外，实用的量子模拟器永远无法进行微调以完善局部仪表不变性。因此，强烈需要严格理解仪表违规行为以及如何可靠地保护它。正如我们通过分析和数值证据所示，在存在量规破坏术语的情况下，违规量违反的量仅在短时间内均能积累，然后仅在很长时间内增殖。通过通过能量惩罚使动力学远离初始量规不变扇区的过程，可以将这种扩散抑制至无限时间。我们的结果提供了理论基础，该基础突出了仪表理论量子模拟器的鲁棒性。
Currently, there are intense experimental efforts to realize lattice gauge theories in quantum simulators. Except for specific models, however, practical quantum simulators can never be fine-tuned to perfect local gauge invariance. There is thus a strong need for a rigorous understanding of gauge-invariance violation and how to reliably protect against it. As we show through analytic and numerical evidence, in the presence of a gauge invariance-breaking term the gauge violation accumulates only perturbatively at short times before proliferating only at very long times. This proliferation can be suppressed up to infinite times by energetically penalizing processes that drive the dynamics away from the initial gauge-invariant sector. Our results provide a theoretical basis that highlights a surprising robustness of gauge-theory quantum simulators.
