ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 24617-6 First edition 2016-02-01 Language resource management - Semantic annotation framework - Part 6: Principles of semantic annotation (SemAF Principles) Gestion des ressources linguistiques - Cadre d'annotation sémantique Partie 6: Principes d'annotation sémantique (SemAF Principes) Reference number ISO 24617-6:2016(E) ISO International Organization for Standardization @ IS0 2016 ed without license from IHS IS0 24617-6:2016(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT IS0 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISOcopyrightoffice Ch. de Blandonnet 8 · CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 [email protected] www.iso.org Internationai ibr DrganizationforStandardization Licensee-ZHEJIANG INST.OF STANDARDIZzRoISQ6- All rights reserved Not for Resale, 2016/4/22 07:52:13 networking permited withoutlicense from IHS IS0 24617-6:2016(E) Contents Page Foreword ..iv 1 Scope .1 2 Terms and definitions. ..1 3 Purpose and motivation 3.1 Purpose .2 3.2 Motivation 2 4 Overview 5 Annotation principles and requirements. ..4 5.1 Principles inherited from the Linguistic Annotation Framework .4 5.2 Other general annotation principles. 5.3 Principles specific to semantic annotation .5 6 The methodological basis of SemAF. .7 6.1 Steps in the design of an annotation scheme. .7 6.2 Metamodels .8 6.3 Abstractsyntax,concretesyntaxandsemantics .10 6.4 Steps forward and feedback in the design process ..12 6.5 Optional elements in an annotation scheme ..14 7 Overlaps between annotation schemes ..15 7.1 Semantic and terminological consistency .15 7.2 Spatial and temporal relations as semantic roles .15 7.3 Events. .17 7.4 Discourse relations in dialogue .18 8 Semantic phenomena that cut across annotation schemes .18 8.1 Ubiquitous semantic phenomena .18 8.2 Quantification .18 8.3 Quantities and measures 19 8.4 Negation, modality, factuality, and attribution 20 8.5 Modification and qualification 21 8.5.1 Modification and quantification 21 8.5.2 Qualification 22 8.5.3 Otherissues 23 Annex A (informative) An approach to the annotation of quantification in natural language. ..24 Bibliography .28 ii nsee=ZHEJIANG INST OF STANDARDIZATION C1 5956617 vithout license from IHS