ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 17123-1 Third edition 2014-08-15 Optics and optical instruments Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments Part 1: Theory Optique et instruments d'optique - Meéthodes d'essai sur site pour les instruments géodésiques et d'observation Partie 1: Théorie Reference number IS0 17123-1:2014(E) ISO @IS02014 Not for Resale IS0 17123-1:2014(E) COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT @ISO2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 : CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland @ IS0 2014 - All rights reserved or networking permited without license from IHS Not for Resale IS0 17123-1:2014(E) Contents Page Foreword ..iv Introduction. .V 1 Scope. ..1 2 Normative references ..1 3 Terms and definitions ..1 3.1 General metrological terms. .1 3.2 Terms specific to this part of IS0 17123 3.3 The term "uncertainty" .5 3.4 Symbols .6 4 Evaluating uncertainty of measurement .8 4.1 General ..8 4.2 Type A evaluation of standard uncertainty 9 4.3 Type B evaluation of standard uncertainty ..18 4.4 Law of propagation of uncertainty and combined standard uncertainty ..19 4.5 Expanded uncertainty 21 5 Reporting uncertainty .22 6 Summarized concept of uncertainty evaluation ..22 7 Statistical tests .23 7.1 General 23 7.2 Question a): is the experimental standard deviation, s, smaller than or equal to a given valueo? 23 7.3 Question b): Do two samples belong to the same population? .24 7.4 Question c) [respectively question d)]:Testing the significance of a parameter yk .24 Annex A (informative) Probability distributions ..26 Annex B (normative) x2 distribution, Fisher's distribution and Student's t-distribution ..27 Annex C (informative) Examples ..28 Bibliography .39 ii e with I: thout license from IHS Not for Resale